The police and community response to a hate crime or incident will vary depending on
- Whether the victim wishes to be contacted by the police, and
- Whether the crime or incident was reported anonymously
在举报之后，受害人从警方和第三方平台处收到的回应取决于：
- 受害人是否愿意被警方联络
- 案件是否是被匿名举报的
1. Initial response
If the victim chooses to report the hate crime or incident non-anonymously, an officer should contact the victim and ask the victim how they would like to talk to the police about this crime.
This could involve:
- Visiting the victim at home or talking to the victim elsewhere;
- Arranging for the victim to come to a police station and talk about the hate crime or incident they have experienced, or
- Meeting the victim at a place that takes reports of hate crime.
1. 初步回应
如果受害者选择实名报案，报案之后一名警官会联络受害人并且询问受害人想要如何与警察进行谈话。
选项包括：
- 警察可前往受害人的居所或是其他地方进行面谈
- 请受害人前往警局讲述事件发生的经过，或
- 在另一个接收报案的场所面见受害人
What happens when the victim speaks to the police?
- When the victim speaks to an officer, they should then ask them to explain what happened and then write down what the victim has told them. This is called taking a statement.
- After the interview, the victim should be asked to read the statement and check that it is correct. The police should then ask the victim to sign it. They should also give the victim the chance to make a separate Victim Personal Statement – this is the victim’s chance to say how the crime has affected them, and it should be taken into account during trial.
- The victim should then be advised about what will happen next.
受害人与警方交谈期间警方会做什么？
- 受害人向警方面见时，警方会请受害人讲述事件发生经过并对受害人的陈述进行笔录。这个过程叫做纪录口供。
- 在面谈结束以后，警方会请受害人阅读录下的口供并且确认其准确性。确认以后，警方会请受害人在口供上签名。警方也应给予受害人给出一份受害人自述的机会。受害人可以通过受害人自述纪录案件对受害人造成的影响（身心上、财政上等等）。如果案件进行审理，法庭会将受害人自述纳入考量。
- 在上述流程结束后，警官会告知受害人警方下一步会採取的行动以及其他受害人需要知道的资讯。
Note:
- If the victim has reported the hate crime or incident anonymously, no further contact should be made by law enforcement on the investigation and on the outcome of any investigation.
- If required, the police can provide a translator or interpreter to provide assistance in Cantonese, Mandarin or other languages. Tell the police you need an interpreter, and tell them which language you need interpretation in.
- If the victim finds it difficult or upsetting to talk to the police, they can ask for a break at any point.
请注意：
- 如果受害人选择匿名举报，警方将不会与受害人进行任何后续联络。
- 如果有需要，警方可能可以向受害者提供包括普通话、广东话或其他语言的的翻译服务，请在报案时提出相需求。
- 如果受害人在与警方将谈期间身体或情绪上感受到任何的不适，受害人有权要求暂停访谈以便休息和/或平复心绪。
What can you do if the police won’t accept something as a hate incident?
If the police is notified of a hate incident, they are required to record it as such. It doesn’t matter if the police officer perceives it otherwise.
You don’t have to show evidence of prejudice or hostility to report a hate incident.
However, during investigation, the police officer dealing with the case must find evidence of prejudice or hostility to charge the suspect with a hate crime. This evidence should also be presented to the judge by the Crown Prosecution Service in court.
So while all instances of hate crime and hate incidents should be reported to the police, it should be noted that:
- Not all reports will lead to prosecution;
- Some prosecutions will lead to the suspect being charged with the crime but not with a hate element;
- Not all prosecutions will lead to the suspect being found guilty.
如果警方不认为被举报的案件是仇恨犯罪怎么办？
当警方接到关于仇恨犯罪的报案时，他们必须依照报案人的叙述将案件纪录为仇恨事件/犯罪，不论接受报案的警官自己受否同意这一说法。
报案人不需要给出任何能够证明歧视或是仇恨的证据。
但是，在调查时，警方必须要找到证明歧视或仇恨的证据才能向嫌疑人作出仇恨犯罪的指控。检察部门将会把警方收集到的证据上呈给法庭。
因此，虽然任何仇恨犯罪都应当被呈报给警方，但是需要注意的是：
- 不是所有案件都会被检察部门起诉。
- 被起诉的嫌疑人也不一定会被定罪。
- 嫌疑人可能会被定罪，但是最终确定的罪名不一定会包含仇恨因素。
2. Processing info
After the police has gathered information from the victim, they should perform an initial triage and open a case through two steps:
2. 处理信息
警方向受害人收集完所需信息以后，他们会对案件进行分流并且正式立案，这一阶段包含两个步骤：
a) Determine whether the case is handled by the correct authority
- First, the authority that receives the report should make sure that they are the correct police force to investigate the crime you’ve reported. For example, if the hate crime or incident took place in a train station, this would be a matter for British Transport Police. In this case, the authority who received the initial report should send it to the correct police force to continue the investigation.
- Note: Filing a report with the correct authority could potentially speed up the process. If the incident happened on public transport, report directly to British Transport Police if possible. Click here to find out how to report to the British Transport police.
a) 确保案件是由正确的机构审理
- 首先，案件的受理机构会甄别他们是否是适合办理受到的案件。 比方说，如果一个仇恨案件发生于火车站，那么这个案件适用的侦办机构就是英国交通警察。在这种情况下，受理机构就会将案件转呈给正确的侦办机构，并由他们来正式进行调查和后续跟进。
- 请注意：向正确的侦办机构有助于缩短案件的侦办流程。如果案件发生在公共交通上， 请直接向英国交通警察进行报案。具体报案方式请参考本手册内关于如何举报仇恨犯罪的章节。
b) Issue a crime reference number (CRN)
- Once the case has been referred to the appropriate police force, they should issue you a crime reference number (CRN). How quickly this is done depends on the complexity of the incident and number of other authorities involved.
- What is a CRN? This is a unique number assigned to the victim’s case, the victim can quote this number to request updates from the police.
- Please make sure that the crime has been recorded as a hate crime or incident. You can do this by asking the police officer in charge of your case.
b) 案件查询编码（Crime Reference Number）
- 案件被转移给正确的侦办机构之后，该机构会通知受害人该案件的案件查询编码 (Crime Reference Number)。这个过程的时长取决于案件的复杂程度和涉及机构的数量。
- 每个案件都会有一个独一无二的案件查询编码。受害人在查询案件进度时需要提供该编码。
- 请务必确认您的案件被记录为仇恨犯罪或仇恨事件。您可以通过联系负责您案件的警方进行确认。
3. Investigation
Having ensured that the case is dealt with by the correct authority, the officer should conduct an initial investigation.
This could involve:
- Talking to witnesses
- Assessing the scene of the crime
- Reviewing CCTV or video footage
- Gathering other evidence such as forensic samples
- Searching intelligence database
The length of investigation should vary depending on the availability of evidence and complexity of the hate crime or incident. The officer in charge of the case should aim to provide regular updates to the victim.
At the end of initial investigation, the police should review all of the information gathered and make an initial decision on whether to investigate the victim’s report further. They may proceed to：
- Make an arrest
- Close the case, or
- Choose to refer the case for further investigation
The police will base their decision on four key factors:
- Vulnerability of the victim
- Severity of the offence
- Likelihood it can be solved (i.e. whether or not there is an identified suspect)
- The most effective use of resource
3. 案件调查
在确保案件由正确的侦办机构接手后，一名警方会对案件进行初步调查.
这可能包括：
- 询问目击者
- 对案件发生地进行查看
- 查阅监控摄像或其它影像
- 收集其它证据，比如生物样本
- 在智能数据库中进行检索
侦办时常会根据案件复杂程度和收集到的证据有所变化。负责侦办的警官应当确保受害人定期收到案件进展的通知。
初步调查结束以后，警方会审阅所有已收集到的信息并决定是否对案件进行更进一步的调查。警方在这个阶段可能选择包括：
- 逮捕嫌疑犯
- 结案
- 进一步调查
警方在下判断时会考虑以下四个因素：
- 受害人的脆弱程度
- 违法行为的严重程度
- 解决案件的可能性（比如. 是否有锁定的嫌疑人）
- 警力资源的有效使用
4. Making a decision
If the police decides to move forward with an arrest, they should bring in the suspect for questioning before deciding whether to charge the person.
After being held for questioning the police may decide to:
4. 嫌疑人被逮捕后会发生什么？
如果警方对嫌疑人进行了逮捕， 他们会将嫌疑人带回警局并对其进行问讯，并根据问讯结果决定是否符指控该嫌疑人。
在对嫌疑人进行问讯后，警方可以：
a) Release the person without charge
- If the police could not find sufficient evidence to charge the suspect after questioning and any follow-up investigation, they may release the suspect without charge.
- If you are unsatisfied with the police’s conclusion and/or how they have handled the case, you can file a complaint against the police. Please refer to the section titled “How to make a complaint” in this handbook for more information.
a）释放嫌疑人
-
如果警方在调查以及问讯之后未能得到有力的证据以指控嫌疑人，在考虑完上述的四个因素（受害人的脆弱程度、违法行为的严重程度、解决案件的可能性、警力资源的有效使用）后，警方可能释放嫌疑人。
-
如果您对警方的结论以及处理案件的方式有不满，您可以进行投诉。关于如何投诉，请参考本手册中关于“如何投诉警方”的介绍。
b) Give them a caution, conditional caution or fixed penalty 1
What is a caution?
- A caution is not a criminal conviction, but it could be used as evidence of bad character (which would weaken their case) if the suspect goes to court for another crime.
- Cautions are given to anyone aged 10 or over for minor crimes. The suspect will have to admit an offence and agree to be cautioned. The suspect can be arrested and charged if he/she doesn’t agree.
What is a conditional caution?
- Police may attach conditions on the caution. This means the person will have to stick to certain rules and restrictions as part of a conditional caution, such as fixing damage to a property.
- The person will be charged with a crime if they don’t stick to the conditions.
What is a fixed penalty?
- Penalty notices for disorder are given for offences like being drunk and disorderly in public.
- A person can be given a penalty notice if they are 18 or over.
- The person will be asked to sign the penalty notice ticket. They won’t get a criminal conviction if they pay the penalty.
b）给嫌疑人警告、附条件警告、定额罚款通知1
什么是警告？
- 警告不是一项刑事罪名，但是会被纪录在嫌疑人的档案上，如果嫌疑人之后因被罪名被起诉而出庭，警告就可做为负面人格证据被法庭纳入考量。
- 警告适用于任何10岁以上的罪行较轻的人。在给出警告之前，警方必须掌握足够指控该嫌疑人的证据。嫌疑人必须承认犯罪并且同意被警告。如果嫌疑人不同意被警告，警方可以将其逮捕并指控。
什么是附条件警告？
- 警察可在警告之上附加特定条件。这表示，被警告人需要遵守特定的条件、规则或限制，比如对遭损坏的财产进行修理。
- 如果被警告人不遵守警告的条件，那么警方可对此人进行刑事指控。
什么是定额罚款通知?
- 定额罚款主要针对妨碍治安的行为，如酒后在公共场合闹事。
- 警方可向任何18岁以上的成年人发送定额罚款通知。
- 警方会要求被通知人在定额罚款通知上签名。如果被通知人按要求偿付了被罚款项，警方将不会对其提出刑事指控。
c) Place them on police bail
- Bail is the temporary release of a person who is a suspect in an investigation into a crime (police bail), on the condition that they return to the police station at a later date.
- Bail can sometimes be granted on condition that a sum of money is presented to guarantee the person coming to court.
- The suspect will NOT be granted bail if they:
- Are charged with a serious offence, such as attempted murder
- Have been previously convicted of a serious crime
- Have been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms
- Officers may think that person will not turn up for your court hearing
- Officers may think the person may commit a crime while on bail
c）允许嫌疑人保释
- 警方保释是指警方暂时将案件中的嫌疑人进行释放。释放的条件是嫌疑人需在指定日期要回到警局。
- 有些情况下，警方也可要求嫌疑人缴纳保释金以确保嫌疑人会出席庭审。
- 在下列情况中，警方不会允许保释：
- 嫌疑人被被指控犯下严重罪行，比如谋杀未遂
- 嫌疑人曾经被指控犯下严重罪行
- 嫌疑人此前曾经被保释但是没有遵循保释条件
- 警方认为嫌疑人有可能潜逃
- 警方认为嫌疑人在保释期间有再次犯罪的可能性
d) Police custody
- The police may decide not to grant bail meaning they have to remain in police custody for a short period of time whilst the police decide whether or not to bring charges.
- How long can the police hold the suspect in custody?2
- The person arrested can be held for up to 24 hours before they have to charge with a crime or release the individual.
- The police can apply to hold the person for up to 36 or 96 hours if they are suspected of a serious crime.
- Individuals can be held without charge for up to 14 days, if they are arrested under the Terrorism Act.
d）拘留嫌疑人
- 如果警方不允许保释，那么警方就会暂时将嫌疑人拘留在警局内，警方会在嫌疑人拘留期间决定是否指控嫌疑人。
- 警方正式决定指控前，嫌疑犯可被拘留多久？2
- 根据法律规定，警方需要在嫌疑人被逮捕之后的24小时内决定是否指控嫌疑人。
- 如果罪行严重，警方可以申请将24小时的期限延长至36或96个小时。
- 如果警方是根据《恐怖主义法案》为根据而进行逮捕，那么警方在决定指控之前最多可将嫌疑人拘留14天。
e) Charge the person
- The case will be handed over to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), who will decide whether to prosecute and take the case to court.
- If the case goes to court, the victim should be contacted before the trial by the Witness Care Unit. They will be the victim’s single point of contact from then on, and should inform and support the victim at court.
- Because of the serious nature of hate crime offences, the CPS can apply to the courts for a ‘sentence uplift’, which is an increased punishment for the crime. For more details, please refer to the CPS information on hate crime.
e）指控嫌疑人
如果警方决定指控嫌疑人，该案就会被转交给检查部门 (Crown Prosecution Service)，由他们来起诉嫌疑人。
由于仇恨犯罪性质严重，检查部门可以在起诉过程中申请增加刑期。更多信息请参考检查部门有关仇恨犯罪的资讯。
5. Post-Decision
If the case goes to court, the victim should be contacted before the trial by the Witness Care Unit. They will be the victim’s single point of contact from then on, and should inform and support the victim at court.
Some witnesses who feel intimidated or vulnerable, because they are young or disabled for example, and may need help giving evidence. In these cases, witnesses may be entitled to ‘special measures’. This could involve placing a screen between the witness box and the defendant or giving evidence with the help of a specialist.
For more details on your rights as a witness and the trial process, please refer to the Victim Support ‘Witness Rights’ page.
For more details on how to help the victim better cope with the incident, please refer to the Victim Support help and support page.
5. 最终决定后
如果案件成功起诉，证人帮助单位（Witness Care Unit）会联络受害人。在此之后这一单位会称为受害人的主要联络点。证人帮助单位会负责给受害人提供关于出庭的相关资讯和协助。
有些年轻或是身有残疾的证人有可能会感到害怕或脆弱。此类证人在提供证据时可能会需要帮助。在这种情况下，证人有权要求特殊帮助。这包括在出庭提供证据时要求法院在证人席和被告之间用挡板隔开，或是要求在专业人员的帮助下提供证据等。